Preheat your oven to 350°F (175°C).
In a mixing bowl, combine almond flour, melted butter, granulated sugar, beaten egg, vanilla extract, and salt. Mix until a dough forms.
Press the almond mixture evenly into the bottom and slightly up the sides of a 9-inch springform pan. Bake for 10-12 minutes or until lightly golden. Remove from the oven and let cool.
For the cheesecake filling, beat softened cream cheese and granulated sugar in a mixing bowl using an electric mixer until smooth and creamy.
Add the eggs one at a time, mixing well after each addition. Then mix in the vanilla extract, mashed banana, and lemon juice until fully combined.
Pour the cheesecake filling into the cooled almond crust, smoothing the top with a spatula. Tap the pan on the counter to release any air bubbles.
Bake the cheesecake in the preheated oven for 50-60 minutes, until the center is set but still slightly jiggly. Turn off the oven and leave the cheesecake inside for an additional 30 minutes.
Remove from the oven and let cool completely at room temperature. Refrigerate for at least 4 hours, preferably overnight.
While the cheesecake is chilling, prepare the caramel sauce. In a saucepan over medium heat, melt sugar until it turns golden brown, stirring continuously.
Carefully add butter and stir until melted. Slowly pour in heavy cream while stirring, followed by salt and vanilla extract. Cook for an additional 2-3 minutes until smooth and thickened. Allow to cool slightly.
Once the cheesecake is chilled, remove it from the springform pan. Top with banana slices and drizzle with caramel sauce before serving.