Brew the coffee and allow it to cool completely, sweetening with sugar while warm if desired.
In a mixing bowl, combine mascarpone cheese, sugar, and vanilla extract. Mix until smooth and creamy.
In another bowl, whip heavy cream until stiff peaks form. Gently fold whipped cream into the mascarpone mixture until well combined.
Dip each ladyfinger into the cooled coffee quickly, ensuring they are soaked but not soggy.
Begin layering the trifle: Start with a layer of dipped ladyfingers at the bottom, followed by a layer of the mascarpone mixture, and then a layer of fresh berries.
Repeat the layers until all ingredients are used, finishing with a layer of mascarpone on top.
Cover the trifle with plastic wrap and refrigerate for at least 4 hours or overnight to allow the flavors to meld.
Just before serving, dust the top with cocoa powder if desired and garnish with additional fresh berries.